Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) were introduced in 2014 by Ian Goodfellow and his colleagues (at the University of Montreal) and has been called the most interesting idea in the last 10 years in Machine Learning.
According to Wikipedia, “Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are a class of artificial intelligence algorithms used in unsupervised machine learning, implemented by a system of two neural networks contesting with each other in a zero-sum game framework.” A recent application of GAN was in the generation of a portrait that sold for more than $400,000 at an auction!